Effectiveness of Sexual Harassment Risk Reduction Education based on Health Belief Model: A Quasi Experimental Study
Keywords:
Sexual harassment, Knowledge, Attitude, Behavoioural intention, Health belief modelAbstract
ABSTRACT
Background: Sexual harassment is a public health problem which has serious effects to girls’ psychosomatic health. Due to social stigma and lack of skills, even the girls can’t refuse sexual harassment. This study was done to evaluate the effectiveness of sexual harassment risk reduction education based on Health Belief Model.
Methods: It was quasi experimental (pre-test post-test with control group design) study with school randomized into control group and intervention group. The study was done from 5th February 2016 to 5th May 2016. The study population was secondary level girls in public schools of Tokha municipality, Kathmandu and the sample size was 117 for each group which was calculated with input of 95% CI, power of test=80%, assuming 38 % change based on baseline study and 10% nonresponse rate. The ratio of participants in intervention and control group was 1:1 and the total numbers of participants were 128 in pretest and 121 in posttest at the intervention group and 131 in pretest and 122 in posttest in the control group. Finally, after two weeks of intervention, a post-test was done. The data was entered in EpiData 3.1 and transferred into SPSS 21 version and analyzed.
Results: The percentages of respondents correctly to 80 percent or more knowledge statements increased by 68.5 percent in the intervention group. The t- Test showed the knowledge about sexual harassment in the intervention group was significantly higher than that of control group (p=0.000). Mann Whitney U test showed the anti-sexual harassment attitude and behavioural intention of using refusal skills in sexual harassment in the intervention group was significantly higher than that of control group.
Conclusion: Sexual harassment risk reduction education intervention based on health belief model is effective to increase the knowledge, attitude and behavioural intention of participants.
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